TABLE OF CONTENTS
Virus
Bird Flu
Swine flu
Virus properties and thermal instability
Virus Information
single-minded mission
How to destroy the virus
Health Virus
Virus
Many of us are naturally given year for the alarming spread of the virus in the past, the bird flu virus has been a huge threat to Europe and most of the world. H5N1 bird flu virus was the fistshown to have passed from birds to humans in 1997. Until recently, the influenza virus is an increasingly serious threat to its ability to mutate and change form. The first swine flu case reported in Mexico, but was reported by more than 66 countries with over 203 confirmed cases of spread to Britain. The very young, the elderly and people with weakened immune systems are particularly at risk from these viruses.
Bird Flu
For more than aCentury, the spread of avian influenza in birds, particularly domesticated birds, but the new influenza A (H5N1) was first published in 1997, the strain can infect humans. The virus has increased and changed, leading to infection, which can not move from bird to man, but man to man. It is feared that if the virus infects humans by some human, influenza is already infected with a virus, then a highly virulent strain may lead to new, can be transferredper person.
human cases of avian influenza infection and caused the death of the world as scientists struggle to identify dangerous strains and prevent a deadly pandemic. About 20 million birds killed and the soil in an experiment, the water spread of the virus that spreads through the air. So far, the virus can be caught only by the working people who are in contact with infected poultry or infected rivers, poultry processing plants, etc. more than 100 casesDisease has been reported in about 50 deaths.
Symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, muscle aches and eye infections (conjunctivitis), pneumonia, acute respiratory distress, viral pneumonia and other complications of severe and life-threatening.
Most health experts to explore and address the incidence of human bird flu is not an optimistic view about. E 'particularly dangerous for the people as our immune system to handle the antibodiessomething that serves the animals are forbidden.
So far, doctors have no effect in Treating the resulting respiratory infection that can lead to death, as it takes to keep pace with unprecedented power, is located in the lungs, and is resistant to antiviral and antibacterial properties.
Swine flu
First discovered in Mexico, influenza A (H1N1) is a novelty, a new influenza virus from pigs. The H1N1 strain is the same strain causing the epidemic of seasonal fluin humans, but the H1N1 influenza virus strain that is different, because it contains human genetic material, usually in swine virus strains that affect birds. Host in influenza virus in close contact with it, have the ability to replace other genetic components together. Virus is transmitted by infected just by coughing and sneezing of people have it.
In humans, swine flu symptoms similar to those experienced in seasonal influenza,That is, sudden fever, cough, sore throat, shortness of breath, headache, fatigue, muscle aches, chills, sneezing, runny nose and loss of appetite. Buy an air purifier shown to destroy the virus.
It is now expected that the pandemic of swine flu spreads or a likely to hit the UK in September and October as a reinforcement of the virus as they do. The World Health Organisation is preparing to declare the pandemic influenza virus and world is in step 5 ofWHO pandemic alert level scale, with 6 the highest. Phase 5 of the pandemic alert level at "on, characterized by human-human spread of the virus in at least two countries in the WHO region. The declaration of Phase 5 is a strong signal that a pandemic is imminent and the time to complete ', commincation organization and implementation of the mitigation measures proposed is in focus (WHO). have reported, according to the WHO, 74 countries, 27, 737 cases of swine flu and 141 deathsSince its appearance in April 2009.
The treatment of swine anti-viral drugs mainly antibiotics for complications that may occur to deal with. A series of air purifiers can also be used preventive measures, these have been tested and proven effective in denaturing the proteins that make the virus active.
Virus properties and thermal instability
Viruses are not considered living organisms, but they are very dependent to replicate in living cells. The structure of the envelope containing the virus, the RNA is composed of proteins and DNA, or it can be. All these components are sensitive to heat. The genetic material and proteins are complex structures that are involved in their function, and change their system function may be lost. This process is called denaturing. There are two basic ways to do this: change the pH and temperature.
Bird FluH5N1 virus>, a negative sense, single-stranded RNA virus 5, which has two types of proteins on its surface: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) 6 This is a well-known from the literature that the virus can be inactivated 30 minutes at 56 ° C in 3 hours and 60 ° C. Thus, only four degree increase in temperature reduces the exposure time of inactivation of 85%.
Virus Information
What are
A virus is basically asmall bundle of genetic material, DNA or RNA called out of an envelope or shell of the viral capsid, which is made of bits of protein called capsomeres. Some viruses have an additional layer of skin called this an envelope. The reason is all the viruses. Viruses are strange things that straddle the fence between life and living. On the one hand, if they float around in the air or sitting on a handle, are inert. Are about as livelyas a rock. But when they come into contact with a suitable plant, animal or bacterial cells, in action. They infect and take over the cell like pirates hijacking a ship.
How they look
There are thousands of different viruses that come in a variety of forms. There are many versatile or slide a bit 'like a cut gem. Other viruses are shaped like spiky ovals or bricks with rounded corners. Some are as thin as sticks, while other bits look wrapped string. Some are complex and waffles in the shape of a small landing on the moon.
Where found
Viruses are by plane or nearly all the materials and the environment on Earth from soil to water. Basically, anywhere there to infect cells. Viruses infect all life forms, from animal to plant, fungi and bacteria. However, viruses are a bit 'picky about what kind of cells they infect. Plant> Viruses are unable to infect animal cells, for example, if a certain plant viruses could infect the plants, as part of a series. Sometimes viruses infect a creature and no damage, but causing harm if it gets a different creature, but close enough in, for example, deer mice, hantavirus by without much noticeable effect is carried out on rodents. But if a person gets hantavirus causes a dramatic and often fatal disease characterized byserious bleeding.
Single-Minded Mission
Viruses exist for one purpose: to reproduce. To achieve this, they take over the reproductive machinery of host cells suitable.
After landing on a suitable host cell, a virus gets its genetic material into host cells by means of deception inside the cell to switch to what would be a molecule of nutrients, or by fusing their viral envelope with the host cell wall or the membrane and the release of their genesinside. Some viruses inject the genes into the host cell to be empty viral sitting outside with her.
If a virus is a DNA virus, its genetic material is integrated into the host cell DNA. If the virus is an RNA virus, first in its RNA into DNA by using the machinery of the host cell prior to insertion into host DNA. The viral genes are also many, many times copied for use with the help of the machinery of the host cell, usually used for breedingDNA. The virus uses the host cell enzymes, protein capsids build new viruses and other viruses. The new viral genes and proteins come together and then assemble into new viruses. The new viruses are released or cell destruction by the host cell or may not build a sufficient number of large balloon that burst the host cell, such as a crowded water.
How to destroy the virus
Viruses are notas living beings, but they are very dependent on living cells to replicate. The structure of the envelope containing the virus, the RNA is composed of proteins and DNA, or it can be. All these components are sensitive to heat. The genetic material and proteins are complex structures that are involved in their function, and change their system function may be lost. This process is called denaturing. There are two ways toChanging the temperature and pH do.
The bird flu virus, H5N1, is a negative sense, single-stranded RNA virus 5, which has two types of proteins on its surface: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) 6 This is a well-known from the literature that the virus can be inactivated 30 minutes at 56 ° C in 3 hours and 60 ° C. Thus, only four degree increase in temperature reduces the exposure time of inactivation of 85%.
The swine flu H1N1 is a virusnew strain of the H1N1 subtype of influenza A. All influenza A viruses containing hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, but the structure of these proteins vary from strain to strain by a rapid genetic mutation in the viral genome. Influenza A virus strains are assigning a number of H and n is a number based on the shapes of these two proteins contain the strain. There are 16 H subtypes and 9 N in birds, but only H 1, 2 and 3 and N 1 and 2 are oftenin humans.
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